Assignment 2

Program and test a Python-based system for creating and using finite-state transducers by performing the following tasks:

• Write the following Python functions:
  • readFST(filename): Read in a description of a FST stored in file filename and return a stored version of that FST.

    The format of a FST description file is as follows: The first line gives the number of states in the FST and a string containing all characters in the lower and upper strings encoded in the FST. The special symbol "-" will be used to denote the symbol epsilon. This is followed by one or more groups of lines, one per state, which encode the transitions going outwards from that state. In each such group, the first line gives the state number and an character indicating whether that state is ("F") or is not ("N") final and each subsequent line specifies a transition by the lower and upper symbols in that transition and the number of the state towards which that transition is directed. The states in an n-state FST will be numbered from 1 to n and state 1 is assumed to be the start state. Two example FST descriptions for FST over the alphabet {a,b,c} that (1) transform all b's following the leftmost a into c's and (2) delete all b's except the leftmost one are given in files test1.fst and test2.fst, respectively.

  • composeFST(F1,F2): Given two stored versions F1 and F2, create and return the FST that is F1 composed with F2.

  • reconstructUpper(l, F): Print the set of upper strings associated with lower string l by FST F.

  • reconstructLower(u, F): Print the set of lower strings associated with upper string u by FST F.

• Using the functions described above, write and document a Python script reconstruct.py which performs different functions depending on the following command-line argument-sets:
  • reconstruct.py surface wlf F1 F2 ... Fn: Print the surface (upper) forms associated with each of the lexical (lower) forms in lexical-form file wlf relative to the FST created by composing the FST described in files F1 through Fn in that order. It is possible that only a single FST may be specified.

  • reconstruct.py lexical wsf F1 F2 ... Fn: Print the lexical (lower) forms associated with each of the surface (upper) forms in surface-form file wsf relative to the FST created by composing the FST described in files F1 through Fn in that order. It is possible that only a single FST may be specified.

  Prior to printing any reconstructed word-forms, each of these commands must print the number of states and the number of transitions in the composed FST (which may or may not include a composed lexicon FST, depending on the command executed) used to reconstruct word-forms. Moreover, for each given form in a lexical- or surface-form file, that form must be printed immediately before the list of reconstructed forms associated with that form.

• Create description files for the following FST:
  • vcePlu.fst: Change a plural morpheme [s] to [z] if the final sound in a word is voiced, e.g., [podPs] becomes [podPz].
  • addVowPlu.fst Add a vowel [e] immediately before the final plural morpheme if the final sound in the word is a fricative, e.g., [diSPs] becomes [diSPes].

  These FST, when combined, simulate the FST in Example #4 in Lecture #10; note, however, that the two FST above (unlike the FST in Example #4 in Lecture #10) pass on lexical (lower) forms that do not contain the plural marker P and do not add or delete plural markers.

• Using the Python script reconstruct.py described above, perform the following tests relative to your FST description files vcePlu.fst and addVowPlu.fst and given lexical-form file word.lex, surface-form file word.srf, and FST description files delPlu1.fst and delPlu2.fst:
  • reconstruct.py surface word.lex vcePlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py lexical word.srf vcePlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py surface word.lex addVowPlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py lexical word.srf addVowPlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py surface word.lex vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py lexical word.srf vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst
  • reconstruct.py surface word.lex vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst delPlu1.fst
  • reconstruct.py lexical word.srf vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst delPlu1.fst
  • reconstruct.py surface word.lex vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst delPlu2.fst
  • reconstruct.py lexical word.srf vcePlu.fst addVowPlu.fst delPlu2.fst

  Your script must work on the requested tests and provided datafiles to produce the output given in typescript-file reconstruct.script.

Hints

You may find it useful to store an FST as a dictionary of dictionaries, where each sub-dictionary encodes the transitions outward from a particular state. In the sub-dictionaries, as there may be multiple transitions outwards from a state labelled with the same l/u symbol-pair, consider having lists of state-designators rather than single state-designators as the values associated with an l/u symbol-pair key.

You may find it useful to implement the required functions composeFST, reconstructUpper, and reconstructLower using algorithms given in Lectures #12 and 13.

Relative to the symbols present in the word-forms in files word.lex and word.srf, symbol P is the plural marker, symbols [p], [t], [s], and [S] are voiceless sounds (with [S] corresponding to [sh] in the ARPAbet), symbols [b], [d], [e], [o], [z], and [Z] are voiced sounds (with [Z] corresponding to [zh] in the ARPAbet), and symbols [s], [z], [S], and [Z] are fricatives.

Submission

Please submit copies of all of your Python code electronically (including your FST description files vcePlu.fst and addVowPlu.fst) along with a textscript file (created using Linux command "script") giving the results of the ten requested tests by e-mailing these files (preferably in one zip file) through the course D2L / Brightspace shell by 11:59pm on the assignment due date. Submission of a script file whose results cannot be replicated by the associated submitted Python code will result in an assignment mark of zero. Note that each Python script file must have the following comment block at the top, where the X's are replaced with the appropriate information, followed by a docstring briefly describing the program in that script. For instance, my reconstruct.py script for this assignment would begin with the following comment block:

#########################################################
##  CS 4750 (Fall 2021), Assignment #2                 ##
##   Script File Name: reconstruct.py                  ##
##       Student Name: Todd Wareham                    ##
##         Login Name: harold                          ##
##              MUN #: 8008765                         ##
#########################################################

You do not have to develop your code on our CS departmental systems. However, as your code will be compiled and tested on our CS departmental systems as part of the assignment marking process, you should ensure that your code compiles and runs correctly on at least one of these systems.

Additional Notes:

• September 20, 10:45am
  All assignment submissions will now be through the course D2L / Brightspace shell rather than e-mailing files to the instructor.

• September 12, 2:45pm
  Assignment #2 posted.

Created: August 3, 2021
Last Modified: October 18, 2021